安装与配置

# 安装
sudo apt update
sudo apt install redis-server

# 查看版本
redis-server --version

# 启动
sudo systemctl start redis-server
sudo systemctl enable redis-server

# 添加 Redis 官方 APT 源
curl -fsSL https://packages.redis.io/gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/redis-archive-keyring.gpg
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/redis-archive-keyring.gpg] https://packages.redis.io/deb $(lsb_release -cs) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/redis.list
sudo apt update
sudo apt install redis

# CentOS 7 / RHEL 7
sudo yum install epel-release
sudo yum install redis

# CentOS 8+ / RHEL 8+ / Fedora
sudo dnf install redis

# 启动
sudo systemctl start redis
sudo systemctl enable redis

sudo pacman -S redis

# 1. 安装编译依赖
sudo apt install build-essential tcl pkg-config    # Debian/Ubuntu
# sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"         # CentOS/RHEL
# sudo yum install tcl                               # CentOS/RHEL

# 2. 下载源码
VERSION=7.2.5
curl -O https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-${VERSION}.tar.gz
tar xzf redis-${VERSION}.tar.gz
cd redis-${VERSION}

# 3. 编译（-j 启用并行编译加速）
make -j$(nproc)

# 4. 运行测试（可选但推荐）
make test

# 5. 安装到系统路径
sudo make install

# Homebrew 安装
brew install redis

# 启动服务
brew services start redis

# 查看状态
brew services info redis

# 先安装 Docker Desktop for Windows，然后：
docker run -d --name redis -p 6379:6379 redis:7.2-alpine

# 在 WSL2 的 Linux 发行版中按 Linux 流程安装即可
sudo apt install redis-server

# 拉取镜像并启动
docker run -d \
  --name redis \
  -p 6379:6379 \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  redis:7.2-alpine

# 指定密码
docker run -d \
  --name redis \
  -p 6379:6379 \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  redis:7.2-alpine \
  redis-server --requirepass mypassword

# 挂载自定义配置文件
docker run -d \
  --name redis \
  -p 6379:6379 \
  -v /host/path/redis.conf:/usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  redis:7.2-alpine \
  redis-server /usr/local/etc/redis/redis.conf

# 挂载持久化数据目录
docker run -d \
  --name redis \
  -p 6379:6379 \
  -v /host/data/redis:/data \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  redis:7.2-alpine \
  redis-server --appendonly yes

# 直接启动，终端会被阻塞，Ctrl+C 停止
redis-server

# 带配置文件前台启动
redis-server /path/to/redis.conf

redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

ps aux | grep redis-server

[Unit]
Description=Redis In-Memory Data Store
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf
ExecStop=/usr/local/bin/redis-cli shutdown
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s
User=redis
Group=redis
LimitNOFILE=65536
NoNewPrivileges=yes
ProtectSystem=full
ReadWritePaths=/var/lib/redis
ReadWritePaths=/var/log/redis

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 创建 redis 用户
sudo useradd -r -s /bin/false redis

# 创建必要目录
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/redis /var/log/redis
sudo chown -R redis:redis /var/lib/redis /var/log/redis

# 启用服务
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start redis
sudo systemctl enable redis

sudo systemctl start redis      # 启动
sudo systemctl stop redis       # 停止
sudo systemctl restart redis    # 重启
sudo systemctl status redis     # 查看状态
sudo systemctl enable redis     # 开机自启
sudo systemctl disable redis    # 取消开机自启

# 优雅关闭（会执行持久化保存）
redis-cli shutdown

# 强制关闭（不保存数据）
redis-cli shutdown nosave

# 关闭并保存
redis-cli shutdown save

# 关闭远程 Redis
redis-cli -h 192.168.1.100 -p 6379 shutdown

sudo systemctl stop redis

# 连通性检查
redis-cli ping
# 预期返回: PONG

# 简要状态信息
redis-cli info

# 查看特定部分
redis-cli info server      # 服务器信息（版本、进程ID等）
redis-cli info clients     # 客户端连接信息
redis-cli info memory      # 内存使用
redis-cli info stats       # 运行统计
redis-cli info replication # 复制状态
redis-cli info persistence # 持久化状态

# 查看客户端列表
redis-cli client list

# 基础连接（默认 localhost:6379）
redis-cli

# 指定主机和端口
redis-cli -h 192.168.1.100 -p 6379

# 指定密码和数据库
redis-cli -h 192.168.1.100 -p 6379 -a mypassword -n 2

# 通过环境变量传密码（避免命令行暴露）
REDISCLI_AUTH=mypassword redis-cli -h 192.168.1.100 -p 6379

# TLS 加密连接
redis-cli --tls --cacert ca.crt --cert client.crt --key client.key -h host -p 6380

# 连接集群
redis-cli -c -h 192.168.1.100 -p 7000

redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> SET key "value"
OK
127.0.0.1:6379> GET key
"value"
127.0.0.1:6379> EXIT

# 单条命令
redis-cli SET key "value"
redis-cli GET key

# 管道批量执行
echo -e "SET k1 v1\nSET k2 v2\nGET k1" | redis-cli

# 读取命令文件
redis-cli < commands.txt

redis-cli monitor
# 1692345678.123456 [0 192.168.1.100:54321] "SET" "key1" "value1"
# 1692345678.234567 [0 192.168.1.100:54321] "GET" "key1"

# 查看命令分组
HELP @string          # 字符串相关命令
HELP @hash            # 哈希相关命令
HELP @list            # 列表相关命令
HELP @set             # 集合相关命令
HELP @sorted_set      # 有序集合相关命令
HELP @stream          # 流相关命令
HELP @generic         # 通用命令（DEL、EXPIRE 等）
HELP @server          # 服务器管理命令
HELP @connection      # 连接相关命令
HELP @cluster         # 集群命令
HELP @pubsub          # 发布订阅命令
HELP @transactions    # 事务命令
HELP @scripting       # 脚本命令

# 查看具体命令
HELP SET
HELP GET
HELP INFO

# 在线调整慢查询阈值为 5 毫秒
redis-cli CONFIG SET slowlog-log-slower-than 5000

# 查看慢查询日志
redis-cli SLOWLOG GET 10
redis-cli SLOWLOG LEN
redis-cli SLOWLOG RESET

# 查看所有配置
redis-cli CONFIG GET "*"

# 查看特定配置（支持通配符）
redis-cli CONFIG GET "maxmemory-*"
redis-cli CONFIG GET "append*"
redis-cli CONFIG GET "slowlog*"

# 查看单个配置
redis-cli CONFIG GET maxmemory
redis-cli CONFIG GET requirepass

# 动态调整内存上限
redis-cli CONFIG SET maxmemory 4gb

# 动态调整慢查询阈值
redis-cli CONFIG SET slowlog-log-slower-than 5000

# 动态修改日志级别
redis-cli CONFIG SET loglevel debug

# 动态设置密码
redis-cli CONFIG SET requirepass "newpassword"

# 动态修改淘汰策略
redis-cli CONFIG SET maxmemory-policy allkeys-lfu

# 动态调整 AOF 刷盘策略
redis-cli CONFIG SET appendfsync always

# 将运行时修改的配置写回配置文件
redis-cli CONFIG REWRITE

# ❌ 直接 make 报错
make
# fatal error: cc: No such file or directory

# ✅ 先安装依赖
sudo apt install build-essential    # Debian/Ubuntu
sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools"  # CentOS/RHEL

# 检查 AOF 积压
redis-cli INFO persistence | grep aof

# 手动触发 AOF 重写
redis-cli BGREWRITEAOF

# 运行时修改了配置
redis-cli CONFIG SET maxmemory 4gb

# ❌ 重启后配置丢失！
# 因为修改只在内存中，重启后恢复为配置文件中的值

# ✅ 修改后及时持久化
redis-cli CONFIG REWRITE

# ❌ 阻塞整个 Redis 实例
redis-cli KEYS "user:*"

# ✅ 使用 SCAN 渐进式遍历
redis-cli --scan --pattern "user:*"

# 按类型扫描
redis-cli --scan --pattern "user:*" --type hash

# ❌ 密码出现在 ps 输出中
redis-cli -a mypassword PING

# ✅ 通过环境变量传递
export REDISCLI_AUTH=mypassword
redis-cli PING

# ✅ 交互式认证
redis-cli
127.0.0.1:6379> AUTH mypassword
OK